Author: Obaidullah Nimruzi
Biography of Sayyidna Umar Farooq, MAPH
His attributes
Umar bin Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, was tall, when he walked, you thought he was riding, with prominent muscles, a strong body, white skin mixed with red, he was handsome, when he walked, he walked fast, as if he was hitting the ground, he was left-handed, when he spoke, everyone around could hear his voice because he spoke loudly.
His achievements in the field of public policy
Hijri calendar: During the caliphate of Amir al-Mu ‘Minin Umar bin Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, a letter without a date reached him. He wanted to organize the letters so that he could refer to them and know their history. Here he felt the need to use a calendar, he was suggested to use Roman or Persian date; But he didn’t accept because he wanted this nation to have a special and distinct calendar in different fields and they suggested to him to start the history with the birth of the Prophet or Asra and Me ‘Raj (ascension). He didn’t accept and chose the migrate. Because on that date, the beginning of the establishment of the Islamic State happened.
Establishing annual conferences for commanders and governors to calculate and hear votes
Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) used to gather the commanders and everyone who had responsibility during the Hajj season.
Mapping cities
Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, is the first person who made plans for the creation of cities, it was during his reign that the plans of cities, including “Kufa”, were drawn; He ordered the mosque to be in the center of the city and also built Basra and Qast.
Setting up roads
Hazrat Umar Farooq, may Allah be pleased with him, is the first person who smoothed the roads, removed the slopes and sharp turns of the road; This is his famous saying: “If a mule slips in Iraq, Allah Almighty will ask me about it.”
His achievements in the field of worship
1. Tarawih; Umar was the first person to gather people for Tarawih prayer.
2. Funeral prayer: It is narrated that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, recited the funeral prayer with four takbeers and also recited it with five and six takbeers. But most of the time the funeral prayer is recited with four takbeers; Therefore, Hazrat Umar gathered the people for the four takbeers in the funeral prayer.
3. He was the first person who prayed two rakats in the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim.
4. He was the first person who gave an award to the memorizers of the Quran.
5. He limited the council to a certain number of companions.
Conquests during the reign of Hazrat Umar
All of Iraq and the land of Syria were conquered during the reign of Umar, “Quds” was conquered, Al-Aqsa Mosque was entered, and Egypt and Azerbaijan were also conquered, all these things happened in 10 years, 6 months and 4 days.
Two powerful and great governments of the world (Rome and Iran) were conquered, the conquest of Iran took place in the year 13 Hijri. When Hazrat Umar Farooq, may Allah be pleased with him, sat on the post of caliphate, he started the measures to destroy the government of Iran.
Hazrat Umar Farooq, may Allah be pleased with him, turned his attention to Syria and Rome from the year 14 AH and completed the conquests of Syria and Rome by the year 22 AH.
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