Most of the Muslims agree on the necessity of selecting and appointing an Imam, and only the Najdat group of Khawarij, Asm and Fouti of the Mu’tazila have separated from this consensus.
Imam Ibn Hazam, may Allah have mercy on him, says in this regard: “All the Sunnis, all the Morja’eh, all the Shi’ites, and all the Khawarij agree on the obligation of Imamate, and it is necessary for the Ummah to obey only one Imam who establishes the decrees of Allah Almighty among them and guides them with the rulings of the Islamic Sharia, which the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, brought, to lead, and from among this group, only Najdat Khawarij separated, they say that it isn’t necessary to Appoint an imam over the people; Rather, it is necessary for them to implement the right between them.
Allama Qurtubi, may Allah have mercy on him, says: “There is no difference between the ummah and the imams regarding its obligation [imamate]; Except for one narration from Asam, if he was also Asam from the Sharia and also anyone who believes like him and obeys him in his opinion and religion.
Those who consider the issue of Imamate to be obligatory or consider it necessary through Sharia, which is the group of Sunnis and most of the Mu’tazila; or they consider it obligatory through reason, which are two groups: one group considers it obligatory for Allah Almighty – Allah Almighty is above and superior to this thing – this group is Shia and some consider it obligatory for people and they are Mu’tazila of Baghdad and Jahiz they are from the Mu’tazila of Basra.
Regarding the issue of Imamate, there are many differences that we are limited to stating a part of it here:
Allama Shahrestani, the author of the book ” Almelal wal Nahal,” writes in this regard: “One of the groups of Mu’tazila is Hishamiya, one of the heresies of this group is that they say that the Imamate is not established during times of strife and discord among the people, and it is correct to hold it if People should have unity and unity. Abu Bakr Ibn Asm, one of the elders of Mu’tazilah, also says that the Imamate cannot be concluded without the consensus of the entire Ummah. With his words, he wanted to question the caliphate of Hazrat Ali Because allegiance was given to him in the days when there was sedition, and all the companions did not agree on this matter; Because there were a number of companions who disagreed with him in this matter.
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