Types of enjoining good and forbidding evil in terms of enjoiner and forbidder
Qazi Abdul Jabbar has divided enjoining good and forbidding evil into two categories to the credit of those who take this responsibility:
1. Things that are done only by imams and governors, such as establishing boundaries, protecting borders (where there is fear of enemy attack), closing borders, moving the army, and similar issues.
2. Things that other than imams, the general public can also do, such as forbidding drinking wine, adultery, stealing, and similar things; But if there is an imam whose obedience is mandatory for everyone, so referring to such an Imam is the first and best.
The point of view of Ahl al-Sunnah and Jama’ah
Ahl al-Sunnah and Jama’ah agree with the Mu’tazila in this matter, and their view is the same as the Mu’tazila opinion. They believe that a Muhtaseb can enjoin good and forbid evil in cases that are not among the characteristics of those in charge, such as ordering prayer in its time, examining the situation of imams and muezzins so that if someone fails in the obligatory rights of the imam or changes the legitimate call to prayer, oblige him to do so and ask for help from those in charge if he is incapacitated, and as for matters that are not related to him, such as the issue of murder, etc., he cannot intervene in it; Because these things are among the characteristics of the king, that’s why they consider two types of rulers, one who has power and ability, and they are rulers, and the other one is people of knowledge and speech, and they are scholars.
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