Another one of the most important causes and tools for the spread of secularism among western societies was the unprecedented and dangerous battle of the church and religious centers of Europe with scientific theories and knowledge-based leaps of these societies. Although this battle has continued until now and despite all the successes that science and knowledge have achieved against the church, there is still such a battle between the church and the scientific and knowledge-based centers.
The reason for the spread and durability of this battle and its mystery is actually that none of the two sides sought to avoid some of their false theories and ignore the existing reality and truth. What the church has charged Western intellectuals and scientists and accused them of apostasy, irreligion and atheism, were actually superstitions and illusions that had nothing to do with religion and its teachings, and the church used them to fulfill its own desires and goals.
They made the acquisition of worldly possessions obligatory for followers, and the cases where religion had shown its stability and stability were in fact positions where truth and righteousness were derived from revelation and had won against whims and sensual desires and human estimations.
Did “science” fight with “religion”?
The truth is that science and knowledge did not fight with the real and true religion that was revealed by Allah Almighty and had a pure divine quality, but the fact is that science and knowledge fought with personal ideas and thoughts and the individual perceptions of the church. And challenged them. In fact, the men of European religion committed countless crimes against the truth and prepared the ground for the battle of these two centers.
The church made two grave mistakes, which caused the battle between scientific theories and religious theories and clerics. One of these mistakes was that they distorted the truths of divine revelation and mixed it with human words. This caused Islamic teachings to be separated from human theories and perhaps any scientific rule that is related to human theory. opposed, it was considered as opposing the divine revelation and the word of God, and the opposing person was accused of atheism and disbelief.
This gross error was also a result of the influence of pagan superstitions and human knowledge into many teachings and doctrines of Christianity, which the church considered as divine beliefs and included them in the text and principle of the religion, and disbelief in them is disbelief in He had manifested revelation and religion.
The second mistake the church made was to set up a seditious stewardship for itself against its followers and subjects. While this was never within its purview, this error also arose from the church’s narrow-mindedness towards those who disagreed with its hybrid teachings and its insistence on holding on to it.
The result of this mistake was the establishment of inquisition courts to examine the thoughts, opinions and even the results of the subjects’ opinions. The church had thought that it could hoard scientific truth and hold the common sense and tangible experience of humans hostage; Therefore, the first action he took was scientific hoarding and mastering all human thoughts.
Karen Brenton says: “Most of the holders of scientific duties even at the height of the Middle Ages were connected to some kind of religious system and were considered part of the church; Because at that time, the church interfered in every part of human activities, especially the activities of intellectual sciences, to an extent that cannot be well understood today, as a result, religious men who learned their doctrines in the church were close to taking over the intellectual life of the people. dominate; Because the church had become a platform for dialogue, journalism, publishing and broadcasting, a library, a school and a college.
The basic thinking of the Christian philosophers, whether they were from the church leaders or from the general Christians, was influenced by the “Greek” (ancient Greek) culture, especially the opinions of “Aristotle” and “Ptolemy”. They tried to create harmony and success between these types of philosophical thoughts and religious opinions, and the result of this work was the emergence of a philosophy called “Christian philosophy” which was a combination of Greek ideas and the apparent teachings of the Torah and Gospels and the sayings of old saints.
Since in that era, science and philosophy were one thing and were not separated from each other, Christian philosophers included all the discoveries of human science such as astronomical, geographical and historical theories in the scope of philosophy, and the church considered this composite philosophy as the best defender of its teachings against The critics and unbelievers knew it and admitted it and made it a part of the Christian faith and started distorting their basic teachings and inserted some of this information into the text and basis of the holy books.
Before the European scientific movement, the religious principles of Christianity were derived from the philosophical and medical views of Aristotle, the theory of the “four elements” and Ptolemy’s theory that “the earth is the center of the universe”. Also, “Saint Augustine”, “Caliman of Alexandria” and “Thomas Aquinas” had added some things to this religion that were included among the principles of religion and no opposition to them was allowed.
Regarding the world and the history of its creation, they believed that God created this world 4004 years before Christ and crowned it with the creation of man in the Garden of Eden.
In terms of medical theories, according to them, the best and most successful treatment tool was to use religious rites and rituals to expel the demons that cause illness, and to draw the sign of the cross and place the images of Maryam Ezra and the saints under the head of the sick person Heal.
This kind of strange opinions and ideas that had nothing to do with the real religious, medical and astronomical teachings made the European society ready for revolution and scientific uprising against the church. Europe also learned the method of movement and uprising against these superstitions from the centers of Islamic civilization in Andalusia, the island of “Sicily” and southern Italy. and the Europeans also gradually woke up from their heavy sleep and decided to revolution and rise against the superstitions of the church, the church also issued countless decrees against them, the most important of which was the establishment of the courts of inquiry.
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