Author: Ismail Sarani
Scholars and Rulers (Part one)
Preamble
Throughout its long history, the Islamic State has witnessed significant events that highlight the eternal and liberating role of scholars in their engagement with rulers. Their benevolent attitudes and guidance have been crucial during times of darkness, serving as shining stars for both rulers and the people as they navigated the right path.
During these periods, scholars have exemplified the honor of Islam and clarified the essence of pure Sharia, even when faced with rulers who deviated from the Holy Law—sometimes only marginally. It is neither strange nor surprising that scholars are deserving of such recognition; they are, after all, the true standard-bearers of Islamic law.
Throughout the history of Islam, we find scholars who hold rulers accountable, reject their wrongdoings, and expose their corrupt practices and statements. These scholars offer advice to the rulers and reject their gifts, confronting them with full courage and without condescension or sarcasm. They articulate the word of Islam clearly and demonstrate patience in the face of oppression.
We also see these same scholars enduring in the prisons of oppressive rulers. They bow and prostrate before their Lord, dedicating themselves to writing books and articles that guide people with their eloquent words. Their efforts serve the religion of Islam and address the conditions of Muslims.
Scholars are like candles that provide light and lamps that shine everywhere. They have proven, both in the past and present, that their existence is significant solely for the sake of Islam, as they are, in fact, the heirs of the Prophet.
The Position of Rulers
First, we must consider the necessity of the position of rulers within the nation. The existence of rulers is essential for the people, much like the necessity of water for life. Human beings cannot achieve happiness without them. No justice can be implemented without the authority of rulers, and no rights can be upheld in their absence. A people without a ruler are unsupervised, and such unsupervisedness is unworthy of them. Without proper guidance, the principles of Sharia will not be established, the limits of Islam will not be enforced, and the Islamic system cannot function effectively. Consequently, people will not find safety in their lives, prosperity, comfort, or peace will be unattainable, and in the event of an enemy attack, the community will be unprotected without a ruler.
Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) emphasizes this truth, stating: “The Imam (leader) is a shield for his people, behind whom they fight in battle and by whom they are protected from danger.” For this reason, Allah has granted rulers supreme authority and dignity.
If a ruler is righteous and governs in accordance with the Qur’an and Sharia, the Prophet (peace be upon him) has given him the glad tidings of Paradise and divine reward. He said: “The most beloved people to Allah on the Day of Judgment, and those who will be closest to Him, are just rulers. Conversely, the worst and most hated people to Allah on the Day of Judgment are oppressive rulers.”
Additionally, it is said that “seven groups will be shaded by Allah on the Day of Judgment when there is no shade except His, one of which is the just ruler…”
