The Mu’tazila have presented several arguments to support their claim regarding the denial of weighing deeds on the Day of Judgment. They use these arguments to contest the concept of weighing deeds. Their main arguments are as follows:
1. Deeds are Accidents: Since deeds are considered accidents, if they can revert or change, they cannot be weighed.
2. Nature of Accidents: Accidents cannot be described as heavy or light; such descriptions are applicable only to substances.
3. Divine Knowledge of Deeds: All deeds are known and specified by Allah; thus, weighing them becomes pointless.
Response to the Mu’tazila Arguments
As previously mentioned, it is clear that the Mu’tazila s have no substantial evidence to deny the scales and weighing except for clinging to a few intellectual objections that are not valid in theological discussions. [Theological matters should be established through Quranic verses and authentic Hadiths of the Prophet (peace be upon him)]; however, this group has become infatuated with reason, placing it above its rightful position. Scholars have provided responses to their objections, which we will briefly outline:
Allah Almighty transforms deeds, which are accidents, into substances and weighs them. There is nothing in the heavens or the earth that can render Allah incapable, and Allah is capable of all things. Some theologians narrate from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: “Allah Almighty transforms accidents into substances and then weighs them on the Day of Judgment.” There are numerous proofs and evidence for this statement.
In “Sharh al-Aqaid,” Al-Taftazani, after presenting the Mu’tazila opinion, responds: “It is mentioned in a Hadith that the records of deeds are weighed; therefore, there is no objection.”
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