Inquiries on the Science of the Objectives of Sharia (Part 63)
B: The Permanence of Islamic Sharia
One of the obvious and fundamental characteristics of Islam is that it was revealed for all mankind, not for a specific group or specific race. In the Holy Quran, we read: «وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا كَافَّةً لِلنَّاسِ بَشِيرًا وَنَذِيرًا وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ.» Translation: And We have not sent you except as a messenger of good news and a warner to all mankind, but most of the people do not know. «قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعًا.» Translation: Say, O people, I am the Messenger of Allah to all of you.
The religion of Islam was not intended for a specific period of history; rather, it extends temporally and spatially along with the human scope and is applicable to everyone in all places. Therefore, the religion of Islam is permanent, and no change occurs in it, nor is it abrogated. The abrogated must possess greater strength than the abrogating. Since Islam is the last of the heavenly religions and Muhammad, peace be upon him, is the last prophet of Allah, the result is that divine revelation has ended and will not be revealed to anyone else again. «مَا كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ أَبَا أَحَدٍ مِنْ رِجَالِكُمْ وَلَكِنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَخَاتَمَ النَّبِيِّينَ.» Translation: Muhammad is not the father of any of your men, but he is the Messenger of Allah and the last of the Prophets. Therefore, the abrogation of Islam or its change into another religion is not conceivable at all.
C: Lack of Contradiction and Conflict
The coherence, unity, agreement, and lack of disagreement among the rulings and implications of Islamic law are among its prominent features. As Allah Almighty says: «أَفَلَا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْآنَ وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ عِندِ غَيْرِ اللَّهِ لَوَجَدُوا فِيهِ اخْتِلَافًا كَثِيرًا.» Translation: “Do they not reflect on the Quran? If it had been from other than Allah, they would have found in it many contradictions.”
The absence of contradiction in the religious texts is the reason for the absence of contradiction in religious objectives. Because contradiction arises from ignorance, forgetfulness, and negligence, and Allah the Almighty is far from it: «وَمَا كَانَ رَبُّكَ نَسِيا.» Translation: And your Lord never forgets anything. Negligence and forgetfulness are not permissible for Him.
D: Staying Away from Selfish Desires
Islamic law requires that man be free from his servitude to his selfish desires and become a servant of Allah. This is because man is led astray by following his own whims. As Allah the Almighty says:
«وَلَوِ اتَّبَعَ الْحَقُّ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ لَفَسَدَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَن فِيهِنَّ.» Translation: “If the truth followed their desires and whims, the heavens and the earth and all who dwell in them would be ruined, and the order and system of the universe would collapse.”
This is the shortcoming of all man-made laws, because the compilers of the law consider their own purposes and goals.
E: Being Sacred
Islamic law enjoys complete sanctity and respect among people for several reasons:
1. This law has come from Allah the Almighty, from whom nothing is hidden, and who holds man to account;
2. A Muslim is completely certain that if he is saved from worldly punishment, he will not be safe from the punishment of the Hereafter except by the will of Allah;
3. A Muslim believes that this Sharia will fulfill his interests, and in the event of opposition, nothing but misery and cruelty will result.
These three factors compel a Muslim to adhere to Islamic laws from the depths of his heart and not oppose them.
F: Being Disciplined
Islamic Sharia has rules and regulations that prevent excesses and is always based on the principle of moderation. For example, the purpose of divine legislation is to fulfill the interests of the servants. However, obtaining these interests is not unconditional. Therefore, buying and selling transactions must be expedient and not oppressive to others. The survival of the human race should be achieved through legitimate means. Therefore, gaining interests is considered one of the objectives of Sharia, but acquiring any interest in any way is not permissible.
The difference between Islamic Sharia and man-made laws is that there are no excesses in the rules and regulations of Islamic Sharia. In contrast, man-made laws often determine punishments to be more or less than the crime committed; thus, either the criminal is wronged, or the victim is wronged.
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