Islamic Beliefs and Thoughts, A Beacon for Children (Part 6)
Question: What was the purpose of the invitation (Da’wah) of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH)?
Answer: The purpose of the invitation of the Messenger of Allah was to establish a state and the rule of Sharia, not to convert all people to Islam. Just as he established a state in Medina (where Jews still lived), the Messenger of Allah completed his mission and passed away. His goal was the establishment of a government based on Sharia so that other religions would be overcome, as mentioned in Surah At-Tawbah (9:33), Surah Al-Fath (48:28), and Surah As-Saff (61:9). If the purpose had been to make everyone Muslim, then, Allah forbid, non-believers would still exist; however, the Prophet (PBUH) passed away after fulfilling his mission.
Question: How did the Prophet (PBUH) deal with the non-believers from outside the Islamic rule during his time?
Answer: The Prophet (PBUH) had three options for non-believers during his time: 1. To accept Islam and live under the rule of Sharia. 2. If they didn’t accept Islam, they could pay Jizyah (tax) instead of Zakat, live under the rule of Sharia, and submit to the power of Islam. 3. If they did not accept either of the first two options, the third option was to engage in Jihad with them.
Question: Did the Prophet (PBUH) treat the non-believers who were under the Islamic state and paying Jizyah as minorities, or not?
Answer: No, they were treated as full citizens with complete rights, and they had complete freedom of belief and worship within their places of worship. The only exception was that if a Muslim accepted their religion, they were considered apostates, and their punishment was death.
Question: How many children and wives did the Prophet (PBUH) have?
Answer: The Prophet (PBUH) married 13 women, with whom he consummated marriage with 11, while two marriages were not consummated. He had 7 children: 3 sons and 4 daughters. Their names are Qasim, Tahir, Zaynab, Ruqayyah, Umm Kulthum, Fatimah (all from Sayyidah Khadijah), and Ibrahim (from Mariyah). The wives of the Prophet (PBUH) were Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, Sawda bint Zam’a, Ayesha bint Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Hafsa bint Umar al-Farooq, Zaynab bint Khuzayma, Umm Salama Hind bint Abi Umayya, Zaynab bint Jahsh, Juwayriya bint al-Harith, Umm Habiba Ramla bint Abu Sufyan, Safiyya bint Huyayy, Maymuna bint Harith, and two concubines: Mariyah (the mother of Ibrahim) and Raihana.
Question: After the passing of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), who should we take as an example in life?
Answer: We should take the four great Sahaba known as the Rashidun Caliphs as role models: Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Umar al-Farooq, Usman Zul-Nurayn, and Ali al-Murtada (may Allah be pleased with them all).
Question: Why are these four Sahaba considered special?
Answer: These four Sahaba are considered special because they followed the path of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) in governance and politics, which is the most important and fundamental part of human life—the way of governance.
Question: Did the Prophet (PBUH) have other Sahaba or not?
Answer: Yes, the Prophet (PBUH) had other Sahaba. During his final pilgrimage, around 124,000 Sahaba, including both men and women, were present.
Question: Why are only 10,000 of the Prophet’s Sahaba buried in Jannat al-Baqi in Medina?
Answer: Because the other Sahaba of the Prophet (PBUH) went to other parts of the world to implement Sharia and spread Islam. They either became martyrs or passed away and were buried there.
Question: If offering a prayer in Makkah brings 100,000 rewards, in Medina 50,000, and in Masjid Quba and Masjid Al-Aqsa 25,000, why did the Sahaba not stay there? Was there a reward higher than this, causing them to travel and be buried elsewhere?
Answer: Yes, the higher reward was for spreading and implementing Islam through invitation and Jihad. The Sahaba of the Prophet (PBUH) prioritized spreading Islam over the rewards of prayer, even in the most minor matters. For this reason, they are buried in various lands around the world. For example, Aqra’ bin Habis (MAPH) was martyred in present-day Afghanistan.
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