Inquiries on the Science of the Objectives of Sharia (Part 6)
The Benefits of the Objectives of Sharia
3. Helping Achieve a Balance Between Goodness and Corruption
The Mujtahid can evaluate the priorities among advantages and disadvantages through a deep understanding of the objectives of Sharia and act based on the principle of “Ahvan al-Sharin”. A wise person is not merely someone who can recognize good from evil but one who can differentiate between good and better, as well as between bad and worse.
For example, if there is a conflict between self-preservation and covering one’s private parts, which should be preferred? By relying on the objectives of Sharia, it becomes clear that self-preservation takes precedence over the covering of private parts.
Consider a situation where medical treatment requires the doctor to examine a patient’s private parts. In such a case, self-preservation is of utmost importance, and thus, covering the private parts is not mandatory. The necessity of treating the patient outweighs the obligation to cover, as exposing certain parts of the body before the doctor is less corrupting than failing to provide treatment, which could result in the loss of life.
4. Assisting the Mujtahid in Instances of Conflict and Preference Among Evidence
The objectives of Sharia act as a guiding principle for the Mujtahid in situations where there is a conflict among evidence. As Imam al-Ghazali, may Allah have mercy on him, states: “The objectives of Sharia are like the Qiblah for Mujtahidin.”
5. Enhancing Understanding of Sharia Texts and Justifications
A thorough understanding of the objectives of Sharia aids in interpreting Sharia texts and choosing the preferred justification for rulings.
6. Protecting the Principles of Sharia
Knowledge of the objectives helps safeguard the fundamental principles of Sharia, preventing deductions that deviate from these objectives.
7. Reducing Discrepancies Among Jurists
An understanding of the objectives of rulings can significantly reduce the differences of opinion among jurists.
8. Protecting Religion from Innovation and Heresy
Being unaware of the objectives of Sharia can lead to heresy and innovation in religious practice. Therefore, knowledge of these objectives is essential for preserving the integrity of the faith.
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