The Position of Women in Islam from the Perspective of the Qur’an
The rights of orphan girls are specifically addressed in Islam. Allah, (S.W.T), says: «وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَثْنَى وَثُلَاثَ وَرُبَاعَ» Translation: “And if you do not fear being unjust to the orphan girls, then marry those that please you, two, three, or four [women] that you like.”
The obligation to pay the dowry is explicitly stated in Islam, and the husband is required to provide the dowry to his wife. Almighty Allah says: «وَآتُوا النِّسَاءَ صَدُقَاتِهِنَّ نِحْلَةً فَإِنْ طِبْنَ لَكُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ نَفْسًا فَكُلُوهُ هَنِيئًا مَرِيئًا» Translation: “Pay the women their dowries as a sincere gift and a divine duty, and if they willingly give you something from their dowry, consume it lawfully and pleasantly.”
Almighty Allah has commanded men to treat their wives well, stating: «وَعَاشِرُوهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ» This means that one should conduct oneself well toward one’s wife, according to one’s ability—just as one would expect to be treated in return.
Almighty Allah has said: «وَلَهُنَّ مِثْلُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ» Translation: “And women have rights over men in a just manner, similar to those that men have over women.”
A husband is obliged to treat his wife kindly, even if he does not particularly like her. Allah, (S.W.T), states: «فَإِنْ كَرِهْتُمُوهُنَّ فَعَسَى أَنْ تَكْرَهُوا شَيْئًا وَيَجْعَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا» Translation: “If you dislike them, perhaps you dislike something, and Allah has placed much good in it.”
This means that if one treats his wife well despite not liking her, it is hoped that Allah Almighty will make her a source of many blessings for him in this world and the Hereafter.
The religion of Islam especially honors the mother, who holds a significant position. In the Holy Qur’an, following the command to worship Him, Almighty Allah advises us to show kindness to our mothers, saying: «وَقَضَى رَبُّكَ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا» Translation: “(O man) your Lord has commanded that you worship none but Him, and be good to your parents.”
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