Author: Abu Raef
Colonialism (4th part)
Modern colonialism and its methods
Abdul Rahman Habankeh Al Maidani says about the West economic colonialism on Islamic countries and the tools that they inflicted deadly blows on the economy of Islamic countries:
“Islamic countries have always been invaded and attacked by Western and Eastern countries and their greed in various ways. One of the most important is the economic blockade and the pressure caused by it. The purpose of this work is to force Muslims to submit to the colonialism of the fighters and acknowledge the implementation of their intellectual functions economic, political, and military plans.
There are countless economic blockade tools, and the most important of them are: creating economic crises in Islamic countries; Forcing Muslims, directly and indirectly, to implement economic systems that destroy and eradicate the Muslim economy, depriving Muslims from having the tools of progress, raising the level of the world economy and hitting the Islamic countries economy in this way; They are busy making Muslims engage in internal battles.
Anwar al-Jandi, an Islamic researcher, says: “After the Second World War, a new theory emerged in the field of colonialism, which was to replace economic colonialism with military and political colonialism, right after the occupation forces left most of the Islamic countries. This new economic colonialism apparently recognized the independence of countries, but in reality, it sought the political and economic over the states to be under control by foreigners.
Socialism and Capitalism systems and Colonialism in Islamic Economic Theory
The same method, the Easterners and Westerners the imposed two economic theories on the world, especially the Islamic countries, in order to take over the world’s economic system and economically colonize the nations and implement their sinister plans. One is the economic theory of capitalism, and the other is the socialism or communal system.
As much as the capitalist system expanded among the countries of the world and the Middle East, especially the Muslim nations, the Westerners challenged the economic system of Islam. In fact, this system is the continuation and confirmation of the political-democratic system and in a way includes the freedom of economy and wealth accumulation.
The man who founded and directed this system at first was Adam Smith, an American economist and economic theorist. Adam Smith determined the basic rules of this theory and after him Malthus, David Ricardo and Irish Keynes expanded this theory and established countless bases and principles.
Capitalist System’s Features and Characteristics
The capitalist system, that overshadows most of the world’s countries and their transactions and trade now has three important features and characteristics:
1- Economic freedom:
Economic freedom feature is derived from human natural rights and is based on two principles: 1- work freedom 2- export and import freedom. This case is also based on the two principles of “free competition” and “the law of supply and demand”, that is, governments do not interfere in these matters and individuals themselves are independent.
2- Individual and personal property:
Individual and personal property is the second feature of the capitalist system that is considered an important point for production and economic progress. This feature has also gone through two stages: 1- the stage of unrestricted ownership; 2- Stage of restricted ownership. that this stage has come about under the communism economic system influence.
3- Usury
Usury is the third characteristic of the capitalist system. In such a way that this system basis is based on usury and financial interest, and according to history, the supporters of the capitalist system were the first to create a profit-based banking system, and from this point of view, countless financial crises were directed at the economic systems of the countries under the capitalist system.
The Bad effects of the Capitalist System
The capitalist system has countless negative personal, social and political effects and has involved nations in acquiring wealth, worldly possessions and excesses in this way. Among its individual and social works, the following can be mentioned:
1- The religious weakness level among people, outburst of materialism and desire for worldly enjoyments.
Nowadays, the western world is overwhelmed by material things and attracting and attracting them, all affairs and activities are hired in the direction of wealth accumulation and materialism, and every path should lead to earning money. This crisis is one of the most important sinister effects of capitalism.
Abdul Hasan Nadwi, may Allah have mercy on him, says: There is no doubt about it that the religion that rules the hearts, emotions and souls of Europeans is materialism. This is a fact that anyone who has a relationship with Europeans and knows their sensuality will comprehend it.
In another place, he says: “You can see this spirit of materialism in all the political, social and moral sectors that their nations have innovated; Even the movement of the soul that occupied many people in Europe, its soul was connected with the material.
2- Too much effort to accumulate wealth, which will lead to countless disadvantages such as arrogance, self-indulgence, debauchery, corruption and prostitution, and finally suicide.
3- Creating reluctance to serve the people and creating a class gap among the people of the nation.
Socialism Economic system
After the failure of the capitalist system to solve economic problems and social problems, this economic theory came into being and the founders of this theory claimed to solve people’s problems and overcome the capitalist system.
The founder of this theory was a person named Karl Marx. For this reason, this theory is also known as the theory of Marxism. He considered wealth and materialism to be the most important human need, and he considered the economic system and wealth accumulation to be the soul of society, and he considered religion, civilization, philosophy of life, and beautiful techniques to be its result and fruit. He says: “In every age and at every stage of history, there has been a special method for production and industry, and it is based on that that social relations are determined, but after a while, those social relations do not remain in accordance with the production methods. And some people try and try new organizations to shape these relations, and these efforts are known in history as revolutions and uprisings, but historians do not know their reality.
This economic theory is opposite to the economic theory of capitalism and has always criticized its principles and laws.
The principles of socialism
1- Social ownership:
To contrast with the capitalist system, the first principle that the socialist system has determined is the social ownership of the means of income generation. According to this principle, all factors of production such as: land, factories, agricultural tools, etc. are not owned by anyone, but are owned by the nation and are managed under the supervision of the government. Only things that are personal and individual can be owned by a person.
2- Government planning:
In the continuation of the process of depriving people of economic affairs and tools in the theory of socialism, even the planning and planning of the method of earning and accumulating wealth is the monopoly of the government. This principle means that all economic policies and policies are under the government’s control and are carried out according to a specific plan.
3- Preference of social interests over individual interests:
According to this principle and law, social interests have priority over individual and personal interests, and people should not seek personal interests and earn personal income.
4- Equal distribution of income:
The fourth principle of the socialist system is the equal distribution of income and wealth obtained through production and trade, and there should not be a big difference between people in the distribution of wealth. Of course, this was only a claim and never happened in practice.
The Socialist System Criticism
The socialist system, like the capitalist system, went astray and was far from its principles in practice. The disadvantages and problems of the socialist system are summarized in the following:
1- Realizing the loss and compensation to the public in the event of the government’s mistake:
When all the business planning and the way of earning, money is the responsibility of the government, if the government men make mistakes in planning and planning, all the people will lose. There is a possibility of this loss because they are not innocent, and they may make mistakes in their planning and this mistake will cost everyone.
2- Deprivation of personal and political freedoms in order to achieve the generalization of property:
Because for the implementation of the socialist system and its economic ideas and ideas, the existence of a strong, powerful and oppressive government is necessary, and people will not work without such a power, personal and political freedoms will be trampled by such a government.
3- The loss of the spirit of individual effort due to the lack of a personal agent:
Since the socialist system is based on social interests and personal interests are abandoned in it, people will feel weak and lazy due to individual effort and do not show seriousness in this field.
These two economic thoughts could never eliminate the economic problems of the nations, but each of them somehow played a role in the spread of global poverty and the lack of growth of poor nations. But unfortunately, the economic colonization of Western countries by the capitalist system is still ongoing and in this economic theory and its consequences all Islamic countries or most of them are involved.