Information security refers to the acquisition, proper handling, and safeguarding of information and communication channels, as well as making accurate decisions to ensure data safety. It involves protecting information and information systems from unauthorized activities such as access, use, disclosure, reading, copying, recording, destruction, alteration, or manipulation of secure information.
The terms “information security” and “computer security” are sometimes used interchangeably. While they are interconnected and share the common goal of maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information, they have subtle differences. These differences primarily lie in their approaches to information security, the methods used to address issues, and the specific topics they focus on.
Undoubtedly, one of the most significant phenomena influencing military, economic, political, and other matters in today’s world is the advancement of information and communication technology (ICT). The role of ICT in international economics and politics cannot be overlooked, as its significance grows daily, and its major impacts on the national security of countries are evident.
ICT eliminates physical, temporal, and spatial barriers and challenges the exclusive authority of governments over information and news control. Thus, it poses a potential threat to the national security of countries, particularly those in the developing world.
5. Scientific Security
The importance of knowledge and learning in Islam is well recognized, and science plays a vital role in establishing individual and social security. Just as security is essential for acquiring knowledge, it is equally necessary for the knowledge obtained to be genuine, beneficial, and constructive. Such knowledge should contribute to the realization of security, peace, and stability within society.
6. Administrative Security
Government employees must not act freely and without accountability in carrying out their duties. It is essential to have a framework outlined in a charter containing all relevant laws, regulations, and constraints that define the scope of responsibilities. Employees should perform their duties based on this framework. Therefore, ensuring security between governments and employees, as well as vice versa, is both necessary and crucial.
7. Judicial Security
Judicial security refers to ensuring that individual and social rights are upheld, resolving cases in a timely manner, issuing fair judgments on complaints and grievances, properly settling disputes, restoring public rights, promoting justice, and taking appropriate actions regarding the prosecution, detection, punishment, and disciplining of offenders, as well as enforcing legal limits and penalties.
Judicial security is a fundamental right in every country and has been included in the constitutions of many nations in recent times. The concept of “judicial security” has gained new meaning alongside the development of judicial mechanisms and structures in the modern era. In its contemporary sense, judicial security has been interpreted in light of the emergence of modern nation-states and the legal responsibilities these states have toward their citizens.
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