Author: Dr. Fazl Ahmad Ahmadi
socialism (3rd part)
The background of socialism
Although socialist ideas can be traced back to the “Levelers” and “Diggers” of the 17th century, or the utopia of “Thomas More”, or even to the president of “Plato”, but socialism as a political ritual, until the beginning of the 19th century. had not taken and in fact socialism was created as a reaction against the emergence of industrial capitalism and in the beginning, it pursued the interests of the industrialists and craftsmen who were endangered by the expansion of factory production, but very soon with the industrial working class, i.e. “Factory feed” was transplanted early in the industrialization era.
In other words, socialism, like many other concepts, is new in recent centuries, and this term is used in different schools, almost independently of each other; But it has been found under similar circumstances, in the second quarter of the 19th century in England and France, this term was used to describe the current that was created as a result of the industrial revolution and its political and economic consequences.
As mentioned, the “Robert Owen” school was one of the main initiators of socialism in England and also coined its term. In 1835, “it” created the population of all classes from all nations, and this term became popular in the debates of that school. And later it expanded and had many leaves.
In France, “Pirlaro”, one of the followers of the “Saint-Simon” school, seems to have used this term for the first time and independently of others, in its relatively accurate meaning, and the followers of the individualist school believed in the originality of the individual and subordinated the society.
They knew about it. The recent sociologist used the term socialism against the exaggeration of individualism and attributed the first originality to society, some other writers in the same era; But a little earlier than him, they used the term socialism; But not in the exact social concept that we understand today, for example, before him, Catholic socialism was compared to Protestant socialism.
On the other hand, socialism is a revolt against individualism and economic liberalism in the new era, the most important common component of all socialist theories is their emphasis on the preference of the society over the individual and putting public benefit over individual benefit.
Therefore, socialism with a relatively long history is one of the major political ideas that has seen major developments in different eras and has many elements and branches. Although this political belief doesn’t have so many followers and economic and military power today; But it is one of the political beliefs that has established its place in the course of history and will remain.
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